Colistimethate sodium, also known as colistin, is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.

Dosage and Administration:

• Intravenous Administration: The dosage of colistimethate sodium is typically based on the severity of the infection and the patient’s renal function. For adults with normal renal function, a common regimen includes a loading dose followed by maintenance doses. Specific dosing should be determined by a healthcare professional.

  Inhalation: Inhaled colistimethate sodium may be used for serious bacterial lung infections, such as those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis. The typical dose for adults is 75 mg or 150 mg inhaled every 12 hours. For ventilator-associated pneumonia, 150 mg every 8 hours may be used.

Side Effects:

Common side effects may include stomach upset and itching. Serious side effects can occur and should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately. These include numbness or tingling, mental or mood changes, difficulty walking, unsteadiness, slow or troubled breathing, dizziness, unexplained fever, trouble speaking, muscle weakness, and signs of kidney problems.

Precautions:

• Neurotoxicity: Colistimethate sodium has been associated with neurotoxic effects, including dizziness, confusion, and neuromuscular blockade, which can lead to respiratory failure. Patients should be monitored for signs of neurotoxicity.

  Nephrotoxicity: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment, as colistimethate sodium is known to be nephrotoxic. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on renal function.

  Allergic Reactions: Patients with a known hypersensitivity to colistimethate sodium or colistin should not use this medication.

Drug Interactions:

Concomitant use of colistimethate sodium with other medications that can affect kidney function or have neurotoxic effects may increase the risk of adverse reactions. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking.

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication to ensure it is appropriate for your specific health condition.